The service tunnel, with a diameter of 4.8m, is situated between the two rail tunnels and 15m apart from each tunnel. “Getlink operates the tunnel and provides vehicle transport services, while Eurostar runs high-speed passenger trains.” The two rail tunnels have a diameter of 7.6m and are located 30m apart. The tunnel below the Strait of Dover consists of two rail tunnels and one service tunnel, each 50km in length. Following official inauguration in May 1994, first commercial services through the tunnel started in June 1994. The consortium included Balfour Beatty Constructions, Bouygues, Costain Civil Engineering, Dumez, Société Auxiliaire d’Entreprises, Société Générale d’Entreprises, Spie Batignolles, Tarmac Constructions, Taylor Woodrow Construction and Wimpey Major Projects.Ī total of 11 tunnel boring machines, each weighing approximately 450t, were used to dig the tunnels. A consortium called TransManche Link (TML) was awarded the construction contract. The engineering, construction, procurement and project management services contract was awarded to Bechtel. In the same year, the Eurotunnel Group was established to execute the project. It was revived in 1984 and tenders were invited for construction of Chunnel.Ī concession agreement was signed with Channel Tunnel Group and France-Manche for 55 years in 1986. The project was officially launched in 1973 but abandoned in 1975 due to the fuel crisis. The layer is less likely to fracture and collapse and contains clay that prevents penetration of groundwater. Studies conducted by the group revealed that tunnelling could be carried out through the lower chalk stratum, geological sediment formed millions of years ago.
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